Sabina has been the seat of such a bishopric since the 6th century, though the earliest names in the list of bishops may be apocryphal.

The ancient cathedral of San Salvatore of Sabina was located in Forum Novum (Vescovio).

[1] Poggio Mirteto was previously under the jurisdiction of the Territorial Abbey of Farfa, which later passed to the Diocese of Sabina.

The diocese had in the early 20th century 38 parishes, with 32,600 inhabitants, 2 religious houses of men and 8 of sisters, under whose direction were the schools for girls in several communes.

The current Cardinal-Bishop is Giovanni Battista Re, while the Ordinary of the Diocese is Bishop Ernesto Mandara.