The line stretches north-west from Cape Howe on the Tasman Sea to Indi Springs, the headwaters of the Murray River.
[1][2] The Murray River then forms the remainder of the boundary between the two states until it reaches the South Australian borders.
A suggestion made in 1867 by the then Bairnsdale Police Magistrate and Warden of Gold Fields Alfred William Howitt, who was concerned about the boundary of his jurisdiction, together with District Surveyor J.G.W.
[4][5] The surveyors built regular stone cairns to demarcate their survey line, most of which survive to the present.
[6] Victorian Government astronomer Robert Ellery was reportedly quoted as having described Black and Allan's work as "a piece of survey work which, for difficulties and for the requirement of skills, energy and endurance, as well for accuracy attained, I believe has never been surpassed"[7] The boundary of the Port Philip District of New South Wales was defined in the New South Wales Constitution Act, 1842 (UK)[8] as "... the boundary of the district of Port Phillip on the north and north east shall be a straight line drawn from Cape How [sic] to the nearest source of the river Murray and thence the course of that river to the eastern boundary of the province of South Australia."