The black-and-tawny seedeater (Sporophila nigrorufa) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae.

It is found in the Pantanal of eastern Bolivia and adjacent southwestern Brazil.

Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland.

It is also sparsely found in La Pampa Province in Argentina.

This article about a tanager is a stub.