The black-throated brilliant (Heliodoxa schreibersii) is a species of hummingbird in tribe Heliantheini of subfamily Lesbiinae.

[4][6][7] BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treats those taxa as full species, the "black-throated" and "black-breasted" brilliants respectively.

[5] In addition, for a time in the early 20th century, the two subspecies were treated as species, the only members of genus Ionolaima, which was subsequently merged into the present Heliodoxa.

Both have an almost straight dark bill about 2.8 cm (1.1 in) long and a small white spot behind the eye.

[9] The nominate subspecies of black-throated brilliant ranges from southeastern Colombia south through eastern Ecuador into northeastern Peru as far as San Martín Department and also east into the upper Rio Negro watershed in extreme northwestern Brazil.

[9] The black-throated brilliant primarily forages for nectar in the forest's understory, typically between 2 and 4 m (7 and 10 ft) high.

[9] The breeding season of the nominate black-throated brilliant spans at least from February to May but may extend as late as October.

What is thought to be the song of the nominate black-throated brilliant is "a repeated, drawn-out, descending reeling trill of c. 4–5 seconds."

The presumed song of H. s. whitelyana is a similar trill lasting about 3 seconds, but there are too few recordings to be sure if it is truly different from the nominate's.