Black Buttes

The Black Buttes, also known historically as the Sawtooth Rocks, make up an extinct stratovolcano in the Cascade Volcanic Arc in Whatcom County, Washington, United States.

[7] First climbed by David Anderson, Clarence A. Fisher, and Paul Hugdahl in 1921,[8] Colfax Peak or East Butte, reaches an elevation of 9,445 feet (2,879 m).

The western side of the northern flank was first climbed by Paul Johanson and S. Reilly Moss in September, 1974, close to the 1958 route, and the trail takes approximately four hours.

[13] Black Buttes was active during the Middle Pleistocene[14] from 495,000 to 288,000 years ago, producing viscous, andesitic lava flows with a steep dip (the steepest angle of descent of a tilted bed or feature relative to a horizontal plane)[4] that reach thicknesses of up to 1,950 feet (590 m), though they could actually be larger as they are covered by ice.

[12] During the construction of its main edifice, at least four flank eruptions from satellite vents separate from its central crater generated lava flows.

Andesite from the Lava Divide era, the first and longest eruptive period which spanned 460,000 to 296,000 years ago, probably produced a large volcanic cone, but it has now been reduced to a ridge.

Lava flows made of andesite from 455,000 to 366,000 years ago were generated from a vent now buried under Mount Baker; at least two have subhorizontal columns indicating that they were settled adjacent to ice, likely from a glacier.

[3] In addition to these eruptions traced to Black Buttes, there are five lava flows in the vicinity for which geologists have failed to pinpoint the source vent.

Colfax Peak
Lincoln Peak, south aspect
Seward Peak