The black redhorse (Moxostoma duquesnei, also duquesnii, duquesni) is a species of freshwater fish endemic to Ontario and the eastern half of the United States, where it lives in streams and small to medium rivers.

During the breeding season males have dark stripes and orange or pink coloration along the flanks, and develop nuptial tubercles on the tail fins.

It is found from Alabama and Mississippi in the south to Ontario and Michigan in the north, and from New York in the east to Oklahoma and Minnesota in the west.

Spring spawning has been observed in riffle habitats at water temperatures between 15 and 21 °C (59 and 70 °F), and over a variety of substrates from fine gravel to large cobble.

Habitat may be altered or impaired through urbanization and agricultural activities that increase siltation, turbidity, and change flow regimes.

Its restricted spawning habitat preferences make recruitment vulnerable to changes in flow regime.

Incidental catches of black redhorse by sport fishers have been reported and may impact populations.