Each time message is received and retransmitted, TTL is decremented which limits the number of "hops", eliminating endless loops.

Nodes that support the various features can be formed into a particular mesh network topology.

duty cycles only in conjunction with a node supporting the Friend feature.

In the provisioning process, a provisioner securely distributes a network key and a unique address space for a device.

It also provides various authentication mechanisms to protect network information, from an active eavesdropper who uses man-in-the-middle attack, during provisioning process.

The security of the provisioning process has been analyzed in a paper presented during the IEEE CNS 2018 conference.

[5] The provisioning can be performed using a Bluetooth GATT connection or advertising using the specific bearer.