Robert Andrew Peterson (June 16, 1884 – November 27, 1962) was a utility player in Major League Baseball, playing mainly as a catcher for the Boston Americans from 1906 through 1907.

Listed at 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m), 160lb., Peterson batted and threw right-handed.

In a two-season career, Peterson was a .191 hitter (25-for-131) with two home runs and nine RBI in 43 games, including 11 runs, one double, one triple, and one stolen base.

Peterson died in Evesham Township, New Jersey on November 27, 1962(1962-11-27) (aged 78)

This biographical article relating to an American baseball catcher born in the 1880s is a stub.