Robert Carlton Wilson (April 5, 1916 – August 12, 1999) was an American politician, who served 14 terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives from California from 1953 to 1981.

After the war, he was in the Marine Corps Reserve, rising to the rank of colonel, and was a partner in two advertising agencies.

Wilson was reelected 13 times, rarely facing serious opposition as San Diego was a Republican stronghold.

While in Congress he became a major spokesman for the defense industry and played a large role in the development of a military presence in San Diego.

He was well-known and popular in San Diego, and would blanket his district with pot holders and other gifts with his name on it during election time.