The BTC consists of five contiguous districts — Kokrajhar, Baksa, Udalguri, Chirang, Tamulpur — carved out of seven existing districts — Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamrup, Darrang and Sonitpur — an area of 8970 km2 (11% of Assam land area i.e. 78,438  km2) comprising various protected tribal belts and blocks in Assam.

The powers and competencies of the council are as follows:[6][7] The Bodoland Territorial Council to levy taxes, fees and tolls on; buildings and land, animals, vehicles, boats, entry of goods into the area, roads, ferries, bridges, sanitation, employment and income and general taxes for the maintenance of schools and roads.

However, between April 2020 and December 2020, all executive and legislative functions were exercised by a principal secretary acting on behalf of the Governor of Assam.

[11] In April 2020, Siddharth Singh has been appointed as the Principal Secretary of Bodoland Territorial Council,[12] while Rajesh Prasad was posted as the administrator.

[13][11] join bjp The leader of the UPPL, Pramod Boro, became the new Chief Executive Member of the Bodoland Territorial Council on 15 December 2020 with Gobinda Basumatary becoming the Deputy Chief Executive.