[1] At least 1,500 gymnasiums existed in Germany by the 1870s with muscle mass building a component of what took place in them.

[2] The 1992 edition of the Ms. Olympia contest was held in Chicago, Illinois with 20 competitors, including at least one from Germany.

[3] In 2003, the German National Bodybuilding and Fitness Federation was founded by Berend Breitenstein.

[4] In 2009, German competitor Sabine Streubel won the WNBF Pro World Championships in the women's category.

[4] The German National Bodybuilding Championships test competitors using a polygraph, and urine analysis for all winners.