Bongard problem

Bongard, in the introduction of the book (which deals with a number of topics including perceptrons) credits the ideas in it to a group including M. N. Vaintsvaig, V. V. Maksimov, and M. S. Smirnov.

The idea of a Bongard problem is to present two sets of relatively simple diagrams, say A and B.

The problem is to find, or to formulate, convincingly, the common factor.

According to Hofstadter, "the skill of solving Bongard problems lies very close to the core of 'pure' intelligence, if there is such a thing".

[1] Bongard problems form the heart of the game Zendo.