Borage seed oil

[1] In herbal medicine, borage seed oil has been used for skin disorders such as eczema, seborrheic dermatitis, and neurodermatitis; it has also been used for rheumatoid arthritis, stress, premenstrual syndrome, diabetes, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), alcoholism, pain and swelling (inflammation), and for preventing heart disease and stroke.

[5] Borage oil may contain the pyrrolizidine alkaloid amabiline,[6][7][8] which is hepatotoxic leading to a risk of liver damage.

[1] Patients should use borage oil that is certified free of toxic unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (UPAs).

[1] Consumption of 1-2 g of borage seed oil daily can result in an intake of toxic UPAs approaching 10 ug.

[1] The German Federal Health Agency specifies consumption to be limited to 1 ug of UPA daily.