[12] The brothers Chérif and Saïd Kouachi, who would carry out the Charlie Hebdo shooting twelve years later, worked with El Hakim.

[7][8] Four days later, in a report by the French television channel La Chaîne Info, he challenged the United States: “I come from France, we are going to kill the Americans!

The attack earned him the compliments of Sheikh Abdullah al-Janabi, a radical imam of Fallujah, who a decade later would become the one of the most popular preachers of the Islamic State.

Made up of neighborhood friends attending the Adda'wa mosque on rue de Tanger, including the Kouachi brothers, the sector was structured around a spiritual leader, Farid Benyettou, while El Hakim playsed the role of operational relay.

[7][8] Released on 5 January 2011,[15] he settled in Tunisia, his parents' country of origin, where the regime of President Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali had just been overthrown.

[7] He planned the murder of two political opponents of Ennahdha, the ruling Islamist party at the time, in order to throw the Tunisian democratic transition into chaos.

[7] These two assassinations provoked major demonstrations hostile to Islamists and jihadist Salafists having an effect contrary to that sought: "Our brother Kamâl Gafgâzî led the first operation in order to spread chaos in the country.

[7] In April 2014, El Hakim left Libya where he had taken refuge, crossed Turkey and, ten years after his first stay, returned to Syria where he was welcomed by Salim Benghalem.

The American State Department added him to its blacklist of “foreign terrorist fighters” on 29 September 2015, specifying that it would have studied the possibility of “targeting European diplomats stationed in North Africa”.

[20] The DGSI suspected El Hakim of having planned in the fall of 2016, within an Islamic State cell responsible for external operations, half a dozen attacks which were to strike Europe and the Maghreb, including the members of the commando who were arrested in Strasbourg and Marseille on the night of 19 November 2016.

[21] He was also suspected of being involved “in the design and management of the project” of the attack prepared by the Reda Kriket network, arrested on 24 March 2016 in Boulogne-Billancourt, then for having been in contact in October with the Syrian Jaber al-Bakr in Chemnitz.

[21] In his interview in Dabiq in March 2015, two months after the January 2015 attacks in France committed in particular by the Kouachi brothers, he no longer called on jihadists to go to the Middle East, but to strike in the country where they are: “Kill anyone.

[13] El Hakim may have also participated in the following terrorist incidents: One of his younger sisters was arrested on 6 December 2016 in Paris by the DGSI before being indicted and placed in pre-trial detention on the 10th.