Brachycephalus curupira is a species of amphibian in the family Brachycephalidae, found in the city of São José dos Pinhais, Paraná, Brazil.

Their striking characteristics are their small size, a maximum of ten millimeters, and their habit of croaking during the day, something not commonly seen in amphibian species.

It has not yet been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), but the researchers classify it as a data deficient species.

The species was described on July 27, 2017, in the scientific journal PeerJ by researchers Luiz F. Ribeiro, David C. Blackburn, Edward L. Stanley, Marcio R. Pie, and Marcos R.

[1] It was discovered to belong to the genus Brachycephalus after diagnosis of the osteological tract, with a reduction in the phalanx bone, an arciferal shoulder girdle in which the ossified procoracoids and epicoracoidal cartilages are fused to the clavicle, coracoid and scapula, with an expanded suprascapula with a prominent cleithrum and absence of the sternum.

[2] The holotype was found in the district of Malhada, in São José dos Pinhais, Brazil, at an altitude of 1 120 meters, on November 15, 2012, consisting of an adult male.

However, the biggest threat is the cultivation of Pinus sp., which can increase the area of exposed rock in the forests, which prevents its recovery, and also decreases the quality of the soil and affects the microclimate of the region.

Its body is smooth, due to the lack of osteoderms, with the exception of the lateral and ventral thighs, which have small, circular or oval glands.