Branchiocaris is an extinct genus of Cambrian bivalved arthropod.

[1] The type and best known species, Branchiocaris pretiosa, was described from the Burgess Shale of British Columbia, Canada, in 1929, originally placed in Protocaris, and was placed into its own distinct genus by Briggs in 1976.

It was likely an active swimmer, and used the claw appendages to bring food to the mouth.

The authors find both species to be arthropods at a stem position within Mandibulata, as part of the clade Hymenocarina.

This is in part based on the clear presence of mandibles, characteristic of all mandibulates.