The British Rail Class 414 (2 HAP) were two-car electric multiple units that were built between 1956 and 1963.

This was primarily because a number of their duties involved working in multiple with the 4 CEP Express fleet, also of 90 mph maximum speed.

With the introduction of yellow warning panels from late 1963 the motor coaches of all Southern Region 2 and 3-car units were equipped with an inverted black triangle in order to provide an early visual indication to station staff that there was no brake van at the other end of the unit.

Withdrawals of the class began in 1982 and modernisation of the units began in 1983, when 10 DMBSO from withdrawn units were converted for use on the Gatwick Express service in conjunction with converted loco-hauled Open First (FO) and Open Second (SO) vehicles and class 73 locomotives.

Two complete units have been preserved; (with a further four driving motor coaches, see Class 489):