BLVR was initially developed in the early 2000s[1][2] as a minimally invasive treatment for severe COPD that is primarily caused by emphysema.
[citation needed] Endobronchial valves are inserted using a bronchoscope into sections of the lungs damaged by emphysema.
[citation needed] Zephyr, manufactured by Pulmonx Corporation, obtained FDA approval in June, 2018,[4] after a clinical research trial (LIBERATE)[5] led by principal investigator Gerard Criner, MD, of Temple University Hospital.
The trial found the endobronchial valve reduced residual lung volume and improved exercise tolerance as compared to the SOC group.
Additional imaging tests, such as X-rays, and bronchoscopies may be required[8] weeks, months or years following the initial BLVR procedure.