The range consists of mountains and escarpments, generally at an elevation of 334 metres (1,096 ft) AHD, forming most of the western watershed of the Clyde River.

A prominent range bearing west northwest forms the watershed separating the Endrick and Shoalhaven River systems.

Much of the land within the range has been declared a wilderness area and are popular with bush walkers due to their terrain and unique features.

[citation needed] The earliest human occupants of The Budawangs were three Aboriginal tribes; the Budawang people who live between Conjola and Duras, the Wandandians who inhabit land to the north of Pigeon House Mountain (Balgan), and the Walbanjas who live south of Pigeon House.

[citation needed] There are several grazing farmlands surrounding the national parks region both in the east and the west of the range.

The Australian Army operated an artillery range on the Tianjara plateau between 1943 and 1974, also using the area for practice bombing and exercises often involving offroad vehicles.

The Sassafrass campsite is approximately 600 metres (2,000 ft) down the fire trail from the carpark and has tank water and a sheltered picnic table.