[1][2] It is the lowermost unit in the Marree Subgroup, overlying the Cadna-owie Formation and is overlain by the Coorikiana Sandstone.

[3] The Bulldog Shale is composed of finely laminated carbonaceous and pyritic mudstone and claystone beds.

Weathering has caused heavy leaching and bleaching in some regions of the Bulldog Shale, including those around Coober Pedy, so that the rocks are white or multicolored.

Gypsum, in addition to carbonate limestone concretions rich in fossils are common in these unbleached shaly horizons.

[8] Due to the coastal location of the Bulldog Shale, large amounts of wood have also been recovered in this formation.