According to inscriptions found, Buriram's ruler recognized the hegemony of the Khmer Empire's emperor.

In the early Bangkok Period, in the early-19th century, the town originally called Muang Pae was renamed Buriram.

[citation needed] There are 3 subdistricts and 40 chumchons (villages) (Thai: ชุมชน) in Buriram City Municipality.

The bulk of the local economy is agricultural and the tourist industry that is a prominent feature in much of the rest of the country has yet to make a significant impact.

The construction of top-tier racetrack Chang International Circuit started in March 2013[6] and opened on 4 October 2014.

[7][8] The track is an FIA Grade I certified circuit, suitable for Formula One racing,[9][10] and hosted a Japanese Super GT round in 2014.

The Buriram Marathon, a silver label class event, is held in January every year.

Thai AirAsia serves Buriram from Don Mueang International Airport (DMK).