Burt Green Wilder (August 11, 1841 – January 21, 1925) was an American comparative anatomist.

During part of the Civil War he served as surgeon of the Fifty-fifth (Negro) Massachusetts Infantry.

He was a member of the American Anthropometric Society, but quit in 1891 due to their restrictions that all brains be stored in Philadelphia.

Notably, the earliest known instance of the term neuron was in 1884,[4] when Wilder used the word to describe the cerebrospinal axis (also known as the Central Nervous System).

Among his writings are: A species of Brazilian snake, Liotyphlops wilderi, is named in his honor.