[1] The labiodental flap /ⱱ/ is marginal, only occurring in two native Buwal words.
The labial-velar plosives are also marginal; in particular, /kp/ only occurs in one word, the ideophone kpaŋ.
Buwal has the vowels /ə a/, which can occur in high, middle, or low tone.
This process does not affect loanwords, e.g. [nɛ̀bɐ̄m] 'oil' (from Fulfulde nebbam) or [lɛ̀kʷól] 'school' (from French l'école).
Some loanwords have been modified to accommodate Buwal phonology, e.g. [sɐ́j] 'tea', from Fulfulde sha'i.