In gratitude for this deed, Pope Alexander VII granted the title of a prince to Lew Sapieha.

The Carthusian order gave its name to the second part of the town's name in the form in which it has been used till late 1940s: Biaroza-Kartuzskaya (Polish: Bereza Kartuska).

During the Great Northern War, the monastery housed a conference held by King Augustus II of Poland and Peter I of Russia.

In 1706, the fortified monastery was put under siege and then taken by assault and looted by the forces of Charles XII of Sweden.

The monastery was closed by tsarist authorities and in 1866, after the January Uprising, the whole complex was partially demolished, and the bricks were used for construction of a Russian prison and barracks nearby.

After the uprising, the town became a part of the so-called Pale of settlement and was repopulated with Jews expelled from other areas of the Russian Empire.

In 1915, during the First World War, the town was occupied by the Imperial Germany and in 1918 claimed by the short-lived Belarusian People's Republic.

Inmates were sent there for up to three months without the involvement of the courts, based solely on the administrative decision of the police or the voivode.

Under the Nazi German occupying administration — which had merged Byaroza, along with most of western Polesia, into the Reichskommissariat Ukraine — more than 8,000 people were killed in mass executions or were starved to death.

Numerous pro-Soviet and pro-Ukrainian partisan units were active in the area around Byaroza before Red Army troops finally liberated the town on 15 July 1944.