CALICE

This is best achieved using a finely segmented system that allows to reconstruct events using the so-called "particle flow approach" (PFA).

[1] The calorimeter systems for high energy physics experiments usually consist of three main subsystems: electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL) to detect electromagnetic showers produced by electrons (or positrons) and photons, hadronic calorimeter (HCAL) to measure hadron-induced showers, and muon tracker (or so-called tail catcher) to identify highly penetrating particles such as muons.

CALICE has developed prototypes of the three main calorimetric subsystems of a future detector: an ECAL followed by an HCAL and a tail catcher/muon tracker (TCMT), and is evaluating the performance of alternative technological solutions within this combined system.

The Tile subgroup [2] has built a one cubic-meter steel/scintillator sandwich sampling hadronic calorimeter called physics prototype for study series in various test particle beams.

The very important experimental part of this project is now in progress: a combined test beam program involving exposure of combined prototype calorimeter system to real particle beams from different accelerators and subsequent data analysis.

In test beam studies, the Tile-HCAL with an effective thickness 4.5 nuclear interaction lengths (

In addition, novel deep analysis (DA)[3] algorithms have been developed to separate different sorts of secondary particles inside showers in order to improve the energy reconstruction.

The unprecedented granularity of the CALICE calorimeter prototype provides an opportunity to test the particle flow concept.

Due to large amount of test beam data, it becomes possible to use real events instead of simulated ones as input information for that programs.