[1] Because per curiam decisions are issued from the Court as an institution, these opinions all lack the attribution of authorship or joining votes to specific justices.
All justices on the Court at the time the decision was handed down are assumed to have participated and concurred unless otherwise noted.
Chief Justice: John Roberts Associate Justices: John Paul Stevens, Antonin Scalia, Anthony Kennedy, David Souter, Clarence Thomas, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Stephen Breyer, Samuel Alito 555 U.S. 1 Decided October 14, 2008.
Kennedy noted without separate opinion that he would grant the petition for a writ of certiorari and set the case for oral argument.
Breyer filed an opinion concurring in the judgment, joined by Alito.