It is located at Del Pilar Street, Barangay General Luna, in downtown Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija province.

[1] The cathedral and the Plaza Lucero at its front, is nationally and historically known as the death place of Filipino general Antonio Luna.

The parish administration was transferred to secular priests in 1866, and in the same year, the first stone church and convent buildings were constructed under the leadership of Jose de la Fuente.

[4] During the Philippine–American War, the cathedral's convent, shortly served as the seat of the capital of the Philippines[5] where Antonio Luna and his aide-de-camp, Francisco Román, were killed by the members of the Kawit Battalion on June 5, 1899.

Nine years after the canonical foundation of the Diocese of Cabanatuan, the cathedral, and its adjacent former College of the Immaculate Conception building, was charred again on September 28, 1972.