Cable radio

It is generally used for the same reason as cable TV was in its early days when it was "community antenna television", in order to enhance the quality of over-the-air radio signals that are difficult to receive in an area.

Additionally, some stations may just transmit audio in the background while a public-access television cable TV channel is operating in between periods of video programming.

The creator of wired radio is considered to be a psychologist, philosopher, publicist and inventor of Polish origin Julian Ochorowicz, who distinguished himself in such fields as electrical engineering, television, photography and chemistry, and invented a double-membrane electromagnetic telephone.

[1][2][3][4][5] The first "commercial" cable radio station in the United States was CABL-FM 108 in California, on the Theta Cablevision system, serving West Los Angeles and surrounding areas.

CABL-FM 108 came into being after Sobel's original venture, K-POT, a bootleg FM station on 88.1 MHz, was silenced by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in November 1971.

Since traditional broadcasting equipment was prohibitively expensive at the time, a young engineer named Tom Hewitt built much of the electronic hardware from scratch.

Mark Speer and Brad Gardner began the venture, which was run as a non-profit youth organization from a studio in the Golden Cove shopping center in Rancho Palos Verdes beginning in March 1972.

Because the staff and audience were part of a highly desirable demographic (many of the DJs weren't even old enough to drive), advertisers of the day, such as concert promoter Pacific Presentations and local record stores eagerly bought ad time in order to reach such a prime demographic (males/females, 13-24) as CPVR had attracted during its history, further enabling CPVR to not only continue operations, but expand into larger studios.

Operated by the North Korean Ministry of Communications and focusing on music, news, and educational programs, Third Broadcast has been mandatory in new apartment blocks since the 1980s and is present in some offices and loud speakers posted in public places.

7 km from major exchanges) over SIP's public switched telephone network, for a small additional fee;[13] it was touted as an upgrade over wireless radio thanks to its improved channel bandwidth, interference resistance, and wider choice of programmes.

While its popularity sharply declined in the 1970s (with the introduction of frequency-modulated radio and the legalisation of commercial broadcasting) and again in the 2000s (being incompatible with *DSL service), filodiffusione developed a good reputation for the quality of programming, eventually becoming available over the Internet and other digital media.

[11] Though no end of service was formally announced by TIM – with only a passing mention of the intention to discontinue it in 2023[14] – a listener reported that FD was no longer receivable by February 2023.

Billboard Magazine, July 7, 1973, pages 24 and 28: "Once 'Pirate', Now Cable Radio Pioneer", written by J. Christopher Ehler.Billboard Los Angeles Times, Peninsula Edition, June 1972.