In cycling, cadence is a measure of rotational speed of the crank, expressed in units of revolutions per minute (r/min or rpm).
Cadence is directly proportional to wheel speed, but is a distinct measurement and changes with gearing.
Cyclists typically have a cadence at which they feel most comfortable, and on bicycles with many gears it is possible to maintain a preferred cadence at a wide range of speeds.
This in turn influences the number and range of gears which are appropriate for any particular cycling conditions.
The cadence can be presented on a smartphone via Bluetooth, on an LCD display via cable, or on a GPS or cyclocomputer via ANT+, typically mounted on the bicycle's handlebars.