Cajetan von Textor (28 December 1782 – 7 August 1860) was a German surgeon born in the Ebersberg district of Upper Bavaria.
He spent the next few years on an extended educational journey throughout Europe, where he studied with Alexis Boyer (1757–1833) in Paris, Antonio Scarpa (1752–1832) in Pavia and Georg Joseph Beer (1763–1821) in Vienna.
In 1832 he was relieved of his duties at Würzburg and banished to the surgical school at Landshut because of suspicion of political ties to the July Revolution and the Hambach Festival.
In the field of surgery, Cajetan von Textor was a specialist of bone and joint operations.
Among his publications was a German translation of Alexis Boyer's surgical work titled Grundzüge zur Lehre der chirurgischen Operationen (1818–1827, 2nd edition 1834–1841).