[4] They are an Anishinaabe group, part of the Three Fires Confederacy, comprising the bands Potawatomi, Odawa, and Ojibwa, whose members are originally of the Mikinaak (Turtle) and the Makwa (Bear) dodems.

In May 1790, representatives of certain Ottawa (Odawa), Chippewa (Ojibwa), Pottawatomi (Bodéwadmi) people and the Huron (Wendat) surrendered a large tract of land in southwestern Ontario, including Point Pelee.

Caldwell First Nation Council members settled the land claim that had been outstanding for more than 220 years.

For decades the Caldwell First Nation was the only federally recognized Indian band in southern Ontario without a reserve land of its own.

[9][8] The Nation has been working towards establishing a reserve, which will finally give members the land base.