Alternatively, the trainee will be asked to provide a numeric range for a question like, "In what year did Napoleon invade Russia?
[4] Various collaborative methods have been developed, such as prediction market, so that subjective estimates from multiple individuals can be taken into account.
Research shows that such experts are very likely to be statistically overconfident and as such, the model will tend to underestimate uncertainty and risk.
Calibration training is used to increase a person’s ability to provide accurate estimates for stochastic methods.
[6] The Applied Information Economics method[clarification needed] systematically uses calibration training as part of a decision modeling process.