[4] Callery is located in the northwestern corner of Adams Township in southwestern Butler County, at 40°44′23″N 80°2′14″W / 40.73972°N 80.03722°W / 40.73972; -80.03722 (40.739587, −80.037211).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 0.54 square miles (1.4 km2), all land.

Most of the community was lost to a fire in 1892;[9] however, with the area being a major rail hub, many of the structures were rebuilt.

Located along the P&W Subdivision, the borough was originally a small whistle stop on the Pittsburgh and Western Railroad.

By the 1930s, a new connection was completed at Eidenau which eliminated the sharp curves and grades to Ribold.

Trains from the Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad still pass the small borough today, but the junction has been gone for almost eighty years.