Caloplaca nothocitrina is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae.

It comprises small dispersed areoles, occasional concave soralia, and circular apothecia with a bright yellow margin and a dull dark yellowish or brownish disc.

Paraphyses are slender structures in the hymenium (the spore-bearing layer) with oil cells and can be up to 5 μm in diameter.

It resembles Flavoplaca citrina in its yellowish thalli but differs in its dispersed areoles and biatorine apothecia with oil-containing paraphyses.

Xanthocarpia jerramungupensis, while also possessing elongated ascospores, contrasts sharply with C. nothocitrina in its thallus development and apothecial colours.

Furthermore, the areoles of C. nothocitrina are widely distributed and distant from each other, in contrast to C. cupulifera, where they tend to form a nearly continuous thallus.