The type specimen was collected by the first two authors from Jeodong-ri (Ulleung County, North Gyeongsang Province) at an elevation of 285 m (935 ft), where it was found growing on a rock wall.

[1] The thallus of Caloplaca ulleungensis is crustose, overgrowing rock surfaces and sometimes bryophyte thalli and plant remnants.

It appears dull yellowish, greyish, or whitish-grey and is often cracked into very small portions, creating a rough granulated surface texture.

They have a dark brown disc with a dull yellow or yellow-orange margin, resembling the types found in Brigantiaea or Letrouitia.

The ascospores are fusiform (spindle-shaped) with attenuated ends, often becoming yellowish, orange, or brownish, and vary in size and septum width.