Camera dolly

Additionally, most professional film studio dollies have a hydraulic jib arm that raises or lowers the camera on the vertical axis.

[2] Dolly moves may also be executed without track, giving more freedom on the horizontal plane and with it, a higher degree of difficulty.

These are called dancefloor moves and may either be done on the existing surface (if smooth enough) or on an overlay designed for dolly movement.

The ground overlay usually consists of thick plywood as a bottom layer and masonite on top.

The best way[citation needed] to be able to replicate the same camera movement for multiple takes (which is important for editing) is to use a dolly on track.

[5][better source needed] Dolly tracks used for heavy cameras have traditionally been constructed of steel or aluminium.

In the 2000s, flexible rubber track allowed quicker set up and easier transportation for use with light cameras.