Maria Camila O'Gorman Ximénez (9 July 1825 – 18 August 1848) was a 19th-century Argentine socialite infamously executed over a scandal involving her relationship with a Roman Catholic priest.

[1] Camila was born in Buenos Aires, the youngest daughter of Adolfo O'Gorman y Perichón de Vandeuil, and his wife, Joaquina Ximénez Pinto.

Camila was considered a pillar of polite society, a close friend and confidante of Rosas' daughter, Manuelita, and a frequent guest at the Governors Residence.

Father Gutiérrez had been assigned as the parish priest of Nuestra Señora del Socorro (Our Lady of Relief) and was frequently invited to the O'Gorman family's estate.

From Buenos Aires, Rosas had given strict orders – the fugitives were to be sent to the prison of Santos Lugares in separate carriages – as indicated by Foreign Relations Minister Felipe Arana in his warrant of arrest.

However, Rosas rejected his daughter's pleas, claiming that the scandal, "needs a show of my undisputed power, as the moral values and sacred religious norms of a whole society are at stake".

[6] A memoir first published in 1883, Antonino Reyes, who had served Rosas for 14 years and was his aide-de-camp, secretary, sergeant major, and chief of police at Santos Lugares Prison, recalled being so moved that he decided not to witness the executions and out of compassion ordered both bodies to be placed in the same coffin.

[7] In the aftermath of their deaths, Sarmiento and the Unitario Party opposition changed their tone drastically and wrote about the executions using terms such as "the beautiful girl", "the doomed couple", and "the repression of love".

On the contrary, all the leading members of the clergy spoke or wrote to me about this insolent crime and the urgent necessity to make an exemplary punishment to prevent similar scandals in the future.

British journalist and diplomat Henry Southern wrote to Lord Palmerston, "A panic seized the population of Buenos Ayres (sic), and the imaginations of men were occupied in devising what would be the next act by which Rosas would mark this eventful period.

Eduardo O'Gorman, went into exile in Montevideo after the summary execution of his sister and only returned to his homeland after the 1852 defeat of Rosas at the Battle of Caseros and the Caudillo's subsequent overthrow.

[10] Preludio Sinfónico, Un relato sobre Camila by the Argentinian composer Claudia Montero was first performed in Montevideo, Uruguay on International Women's Day (Día Internacional de la Mujer) 7 March 2019.