She subsequently had leading roles in films such as Baby Bumps (2017), The Mystery of Henri Pick (2019), The Dazzled (2019), and Toni, en famille (2023).

She made her English-language debut in Robert Zemeckis's thriller film Allied (2016), followed by the BBC America drama series Killing Eve (2020–2022).

In 2021, she starred opposite Matt Damon in Stillwater and in Ridley Scott's biographical crime film House of Gucci.

In 2013, she played the main role in Connasse on Canal+ produced by Silex Films, a series consisting of sketches in candid camera of less than two minutes each.

In 2015, Cottin played the lead role of agent Andréa Martel in Call My Agent!, a television series which has run for four seasons (a fifth season and a movie are in the pipeline) that was first broadcast on France 2 and which later enjoyed wide international distribution on Netflix; Cottin won a Best Actress ACS Award for her role.

[5] Greg Nussen writing for the Slant Magazine, praised Cottin's performance stating that she was "surprisingly vulnerable as individual grappling with the determinism of religious absolutism".