Camillo Tarquini (27 September 1810 in Marta, located in the Montefiascone region of Italy – 15 February 1874 in Rome) was an Italian Cardinal, Jesuit canonist and archaeologist.
Prior to his entrance, Tarquini had published a thesis for his doctorate on canon law: Institutionum juris canonici tabulae synopticae juxta ordinem habitum a Joanne Devote (Rome, 1835).
His first work on the law of the Church to bring him into international celebrity was that on the Regium Placet, or Exequatur, for Papal Bulls (Rome, 1851), which was translated into German, Spanish, and French.
He began the Etruscan series of his works specifically with Dichiarazione dell' epigrafe del lampadario di Cortona (1862), which was soon followed by a more general treatise: Dizzertazioni intorno ad alcuni monumenti etruschi (Rome, 1862).
The Civilta Cattolica of 1857 and 1858 contains many of Tarquini's articles on Etruscan antiquities, the most noted being: Origini italiche e principalmente etruschi rivelate dei nomi geografici (Ser.