Canaan is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Shelby Township, Jefferson County, Indiana, United States.

On November 27, 1819, the church purchased a lot on Toddy's Branch for relocation but instead chose a site at Flat Bottom Cemetery circa 1820.

In either 1844 or 1865, dates being disputed, the church was moved to its present site on 4413 East 925 North just northwest of downtown Canaan.

The church has maintained a multi-county food pantry twice a month, and a presence at the Jefferson County fair, along with many other community outreach programs.

One made of logs was located about one-quarter mile north?est[clarification needed] of the final church site.

Mail delivery was through the Barbersville post office until November 29, 1938, when William C. Sullivan became the first postmaster, located at Section 2N Twp.

It is held annually on the third weekend in September with a wide variety of Music, Parade ,antiques and collectibles, crafts, jewelry, fresh produce and furniture for sale.

The Festival has seen a uplift in attendance and standing from 2021 to present Canaan is located in northeastern Jefferson County in the center of Shelby Township.

[4] The center of the community drains north via Canaan Branch into the valley of Indian Kentuck Creek, which flows south to the Ohio River at Brooksburg.