Caneyville Township is a township in Chautauqua County, Kansas, United States.

Caneyville Township covers an area of 55.7 square miles (144 km2) and contains no incorporated settlements.

According to the USGS, it contains three cemeteries: New Cloverdale, Old Cloverdale and Pleasant Valley.

The streams of Squaw Creek and Wolf Creek run through this township.

This article about a location in Chautauqua County, Kansas is a stub.