The canon-obusier was a smoothbore cannon using either explosive shells, solid shot, or canister, and was therefore a vast improvement over previous cannon firing only solid and canister shot, such as the Gribeauval system.
The very first canon-obusiers were naval shell guns, invented in 1823 by Henri-Joseph Paixhans and introduced in the French Navy in 1842.
[1] This invention was related to the origin of the development of the Dahlgren shell gun in the United States in 1849.
The US version of this type of canon-obusier, commonly called the "12-pounder Napoleon Model 1857", was one of the most-used cannon in the American Civil War.
[5] The term "Canon-obusier" remained in use after World War I to designate various gun howitzers of the French Army.