Cantalupo in Sabina (Sabino: Candalupu) is a town and comune in the province of Rieti, on the Sabine Hills of Lazio.

Cantalupo in Imperial Roman times housed a scattering of villas, one belonging to the Tullii, the family of the orator Marcus Tullius Cicero, but in the Migrations period the inhabitants were protected by a walled castle at the high point of a rocky spur, which was in possession of the counts of Cuneo.

Cantalupo was not mentioned however, until an 11th-century register reported the walled village as a possession of the abbots of Farfa.

Though in 1278 the commune's representatives swore fealty to the Papacy, its borderlands position in the marches of Lazio (governed from Rome) and Umbria, Cantalupo passed from one feudatory lord to another.

Among the landmark buildings is the baroque church of Santa Maria Assunta in Cielo.