94) is a work for tenor, baritone, double mixed chorus and orchestra by the Hungarian composer Béla Bartók.
Completed on 8 September 1930, it was premiered in London (in an English translation by M. D. Calvocoressi) on 25 May 1934 by the BBC Symphony Orchestra and Wireless Chorus, conducted by Aylmer Buesst; tenor Trefor Jones and baritone Frank Phillips were the featured soloists.
[3] The story concerns a father who has taught his nine sons only how to hunt; they know nothing of work and spend all of their time in the forest.
[6] Bartók offers no explanation of why he chose to include this quotation in what is otherwise a secular work, although some theorists believe that the piece is modeled on the Passion.
The final section of the first movement begins as the hunt music dies down; the mood suddenly becomes quiet and mysterious as the hunters reach the haunted bridge and are then transformed.
A variant of the fugue subject, now Andante, provides the melodic material for the chorus to narrate the father's trek to the haunted bridge.
Here again the chorus prepares the stag's reply: "we can never return, our antlers cannot pass through doorways, only roam the forest groves".
As the chorus finishes its retelling of the story, the tenor returns with an impassioned flourish on the words, "from cool mountain springs".
that the Cantata is an expression of Bartók's humanistic ideal of a brotherhood of all people and nations and ultimately of individual freedom, possibly in response to the Great Depression or the rise of fascism in Europe.
[12] The transformation of the sons into stags may also be viewed as a rite of passage: ritual death followed by transfiguration, leading to a new life in a "pure" and natural state of being.