U.S. Route 202 and U.S. Route 44 run in a concurrency as the Albany Turnpike, the main road through the center of the village, leading east to Avon and west to Torrington (US 202) and northwest to Winsted (US 44).

Connecticut Route 177 (Lovely Street) leads south from Canton Valley to Unionville.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Canton Valley CDP has a total area of 1.8 square miles (4.6 km2), all land.

There were 764 housing units at an average density of 432.9 per square mile (167.1/km2).

40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.