The cantons are further subdivided into parishes, which are classified as either urban or rural.
The most recently created cantons are Sevilla Don Bosco in Morona Santiago Province in 2024;[1][2] and La Concordia in Esmeraldas Province in 2007, although in 2013 La Concordia was transferred to Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas Province.
Four areas in Ecuador previously did not belong to any province.
These were: In each canton there is a jefe político, chosen by, and representing the interests of, the president.
There is also a mayor (alcalde) and a municipal council (concejo municipal), chosen by popular vote.