Capacitor electric vehicle

[citation needed] RATP, the public-owned company that manages most of Paris' public transport system, is currently performing tests using a hybrid bus outfitted with ultracapacitors.

[9] GSP Belgrade, Serbia has launched the first bus line operated solo by supercapacitor buses from Chinese manufacturer Higer.

The UC bus was tested by the Reputable German laboratory Belicon GmbH and was defined as one of the lowest energy consumption effective vehicles.

[citation needed] In Graz, Austria, lines 50 and 34E are running with short intermediate recharging, using 24–32 kWh EDLC supercapacitors.

The rail vehicles were produced by CSR Zhuzhou; according to the manufacturers, they are the world's first low-floor tram completely powered by supercapacitors.

[17] In 2001 and 2002 VAG, the public transport operator in Nuremberg, Germany, tested a hybrid bus which uses a diesel-electric drive system with electric double-layer capacitors.

[19][20] Other companies from the public transport manufacturing sector are developing electric double-layer capacitor technology: The Transportation Systems division of Siemens AG is developing a mobile energy storage based on EDLCs called Sibac Energy Storage[21] and also Sitras SES, a stationary version integrated into the trackside power supply.

[24] Proton Power Systems has created the world's first triple hybrid forklift truck, which uses fuel cells and batteries as primary energy storage with EDLCs to supplement them.

The company is set to receive £376,000 from the DTI in the UK for a project entitled "next generation supercapacitors for hybrid vehicle applications".

[citation needed] Sinautec is in discussions with MIT's Schindall about developing ultracapacitors of higher energy density using vertically aligned carbon nanotube structures that give the devices more surface area for holding a charge.