The Cape Cod Central Railroad was a railroad in southeastern Massachusetts, more specifically in central Cape Cod.
It was incorporated in 1861 to extend the Cape Cod Railroad from Yarmouth to Orleans through the towns of Dennis, Harwich and Brewster.
In 1887, the Chatham Railroad Company would complete its line from the original Cape Cod Central line at Harwich to Chatham, Massachusetts.
Unlike the rest of the rail lines on Cape Cod which became part of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad in 1893 upon its lease of the entire Old Colony Railroad network, the Chatham line remained independent until 1905 when the New York, New Haven and Hartford contracted to operate the line.
Today, much of the original 1865 right-of-way of the Cape Cod Central Railroad is part of the popular Cape Cod Rail Trail, which runs from South Dennis to Wellfleet.