The struggle between the two dynasties resulted in the gradual conquest of these fiefs by the Capetians and their annexation to the French crown lands, as well as subsequent attempts by the House of Plantagenet to retake what they believed to be their rightful ancestral claims in western France.

This is all in contrast to the later "second" Hundred Years' War, during which the infantry revolution gained momentum, allowing for pitched battles to become more common, and the growing use of gunpowder began to undermine the strategic importance of castles.

In 1150, amidst a period of civil war in England over the succession of the crown known as the Anarchy, Henry II Plantagenet, a claimant to the throne by right of his mother Empress Matilda, received the Duchy of Normandy from his father Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou.

Henry was not prepared to directly attack Louis, who was still his feudal lord, and withdrew, contenting himself with ravaging the surrounding county, seizing various castles and taking the province of Quercy.

Returning early from the crusade in December 1191, Philip Augustus encouraged the rebellion of John Lackland against his brother Richard and profited from the absence of the latter to negotiate a very advantageous treaty for France.

Then, as Philip Augustus attacked the possessions of the Plantagenets, John gave to the French king eastern Normandy (except Rouen), Le Vaudreuil, Verneuil and Évreux, by written agreement, in January 1194.

Richard continued the crusade after the departure and seeming betrayal of Philip: he retook the main Palestinian ports up to Jaffa, and restored the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem although the city itself eluded him.

Determined to resist Philip's schemes on contested Angevin lands such as the Vexin and Berry, Richard poured all his military expertise and vast resources into the war on the French King.

In mid-July, while Richard was distracted with this rebellion, Philip won a thorough victory against an Anglo-Norman army led by John and William d'Aubigny of Arundel who had recently taken Vaudreuil, a key fortress on the Norman border.

The war resumed in 1195 when Philip besieged Vaudreuil after learning that Henry VI of the Holy Roman Empire was conspiring with Richard to invade France, effectively nullifying the truce.

Philip now pressed his advantage in northeastern Normandy, where he, at the head of 600 knights, conducted a raid at Dieppe, burning the English ships in the harbor while repulsing an attack by Richard at the same time.

The same year, the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI died and was succeeded by Otto IV, Richard's nephew, who put additional pressure on Philip and threatened an invasion into France.

Discovering what was happening, Richard decided to attack the French king's forces, catching Philip by surprise, resulting in an English victory at the Battle of Gisors (sometimes called Courcelles).

This allowed him to negotiate from a position of strength with John Lackland; thus the Treaty of Le Goulet was created in 1200 which aimed to settle the claims the Angevin kings of England had on French lands, with the exception of Aquitaine, in order to end the constant dispute over Normandy.

He gathered his barons in Soissons on 8 April 1213, ordering his son Louis to lead the expedition against England and won the support of all his vassals, except one, Ferdinand, Count of Flanders, whom he himself had installed two years earlier.

He had lain in front of it for fifteen days when Prince Louis marched to it with his relief army, reinforced by Angevin levies under William des Roches and Amaury I de Craon.

Finally, on the left, the supporters of Philip ended the career of Renaud de Dammartin who was leading the knights from Brabant, as well as Longespée, both of whom were captured by the French after a long resistance.

By the Treaty of Chinon, John Lackland abandoned all his possessions to the north of the Loire: Berry, Touraine, Maine and Anjou returned to the royal domain, which then covered a third of France, greatly enlarged and free from external threat.

The Capetian royal domain and the vast area north of the Loire enjoyed repose under the terms of the truce concluded in Chinon in 1215; originally for five years and then extended in 1220 with the guarantee of Louis, an association which marked the beginning of Philip's transition to his son and heir.

He had to fight his way to the south coast through loyalist resistance in Kent and Sussex, losing part of his force in an ambush at Lewes, with the remainder pursued to Winchelsea and were saved from starvation only by the arrival of a French fleet.

Louis agreed to negotiate peace in June and renounced his claims to the throne of England by the Treaty of Lambeth on 11 September 1217, while getting in return a large sum of money and reconciliation with the Church.

By the end of the minority of Henry III in 1226 in addition to the resolution of residual conflict from the First Barons' War, the king would prioritize the reconquest of what he saw as his "inheritance" and "legal claims" over the former Angevin territories now occupied by the Capetians.

Upon arrival, Henry secured the homage of Peter of Brittany, de facto placing the Duchy back within the Angevin domain and providing an outpost in Northern France yet again.

In 1241, another dispute arose out of France as a result of the appointment of king Louis' cousin, Alphonse, as the Count of Poitiers, a title still nominally held in contention by Richard of Cornwall.

Hugh X Lusignan "le Brun", Seigneur de Luisignan and Count of La Marche, fearing further encroachment of the Capetians within the heart of France formed a coalition of nobles to resist the appointment of the king's cousin.

Henry, having then conquered much of southern Poitou, then moved south to meet up with Hugh's forces and do battle with the French army stationed in the region headed by Louis of France.

Henry wrote frequently to Frederick II of the Holy Roman Empire plotting to attain an alliance with him and potentially renew a joint expedition into France.

However, by 1293, an informal war had broken out between English, Gascon, Norman, and French sailors which resulted in the sacking of La Rochelle which was a part of the Capetian royal demesne.

It is, however, during Edward's reign that the territorial extent of the Duchy of Aquitaine slowly dwindled due to a series of legal proceedings in an effort by the French crown and Parlement to take the last remaining Plantagenet foothold in the kingdom without any bloodshed.

Despite Edward's best efforts to diplomatically resolve the crisis caused by his vassal over the course of almost a year, a French army led by Charles of Valois invaded Gascony with very little resistance in August 1324.