[1] The Chapel was based on the idea that the Grand Duke Cosimo II de' Medici wanted to create a monument for a family tomb.

[1][3] During the first half of the eighteenth century, Italian noblewoman Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, financed the construction of the large windows and cupola, and the internal decoration of the vault, which was executed by the painter Pietro Benvenuti between 1828 and 1837.

The practice was started in 1588 by the famous artistic workshops, Opificio in Florence, using colored stones, mother of pearl, lapis lazuli, and coral to reproduce the coats of arms of the sixteen Tuscan cities loyal to the Medici family.

[2] The sarcophagus are actually empty and the real remains of the Grand Dukes and their family members (about fifty major and minor) up to Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici (last heir of the dynasty, 1667–1743), are kept in simple rooms created in the floor of the underlying crypt From behind the altar there is access to a small room where other precious relics are displayed, some of which were donated to the city by Pope Leo X. Dutch traveler Cornelis de Bruijn visited the chapel at December 12, 1674 AD.

In this chapel, there is a cushion that would have cost thirty thousand crowns, adorned with precious gemstones and decorated with the most beautiful stones obtainable.